Patients on anticoagulants should be monitored for which of the following?

Patients on anticoagulants should be monitored for signs of bleeding because these medications are specifically designed to prevent blood clots by inhibiting the clotting cascade. This action increases the risk of bleeding, as the body is less able to form clots in response to injury or damage to blood vessels. It is crucial for patients receiving anticoagulants to be aware of any unusual bruising, blood in urine or stool, prolonged bleeding from cuts, or spontaneous bleeding from the gums or nose. Early detection of these symptoms can help prevent serious complications, such as hemorrhagic stroke or major bleeding events.

Monitoring for other symptoms, such as signs of infection, weight gain, and increased appetite, is important for overall health but is not directly related to the specific risks associated with anticoagulant therapy. Infections may occur in any patient but aren't a direct consequence of anticoagulation. Similarly, weight gain and increased appetite could indicate other health issues that may need attention but do not specifically arise from the use of anticoagulants. Therefore, understanding the heightened risk for bleeding is essential for managing the care of patients on these medications safely.