What is considered the first-line treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

The primary approach to managing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) involves both lifestyle modifications and the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Lifestyle modifications may include dietary changes, weight management, elevating the head while sleeping, and avoiding triggers such as tobacco and alcohol, which are crucial for reducing symptoms and preventing exacerbation of the condition.

Proton pump inhibitors are essential in treating GERD because they work by significantly reducing gastric acid production. This reduction helps heal esophageal mucosa and alleviates the symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and regurgitation. They are often more effective than other medications in controlling acid secretion, making them a cornerstone in the pharmacological management of the disease.

While surgical options exist for those who do not respond adequately to medication and lifestyle changes, they are not the first-line treatment. Similarly, chemotherapy is unrelated to the treatment of GERD, as it is intended for cancer management. Herbal remedies may provide some relief for certain individuals but lack strong evidence supporting their efficacy as a mainstream treatment modality for GERD. Therefore, the combination of lifestyle modifications and proton pump inhibitors is recognized as the most effective initial strategy for managing this condition.