Which symptoms are major indicators of hypothyroidism?

Hypothyroidism is characterized by an underactive thyroid gland, which leads to a decrease in the production of thyroid hormones. Two key symptoms of hypothyroidism are fatigue and weight gain. Fatigue occurs because thyroid hormones play a crucial role in metabolism and energy production; thus, insufficient hormone levels can lead to low energy levels and a greater propensity for tiredness. Weight gain is also common because reduced thyroid hormone levels slow down metabolic processes, leading to an accumulation of body weight despite normal or reduced calorie intake.

Other symptoms often associated with hypothyroidism can include cold intolerance, dry skin, hair loss, and constipation, but the combination of fatigue and weight gain stands out as a classic presentation. In contrast, the other options include symptoms associated with hyperthyroidism or unrelated conditions. For instance, increased appetite and rapid weight loss are typically seen in hyperthyroidism rather than hypothyroidism. Similarly, shortness of breath and palpitations can be more indicative of cardiac issues or anxiety disorders rather than thyroid dysfunction, while high blood pressure and anxiety are not standard symptoms of hypothyroidism.